First articulated under Reagan, facilitated under Clinton, and stretched to its breaking point under George W. Bush, the American neoliberal order fused ideas of deregulation with personal freedoms, open borders with cosmopolitanism, and globalization with the promise of increased prosperity for all. The impact of its emancipatory spirit was both global and intimate: giving shape to foreign policy first toward the Soviet Union and later the Middle East, while also animating deeply personal ideas of identity and the determination of selfhood. Tracing the rise of this worldview from the ashes of the New Deal, Gerstle explores the previously unrecognized extent to which its triumph was facilitated by the collapse of the Soviet Union and its communist allies. This work is also the first to chart the story of the neoliberal order's fall, originating in the failed reconstruction of Iraq and Great Recession of the Bush years and culminating in the rise of Trump and a reinvigorated Bernie Sanders-led American left in the 2010s.