Tools and techniques. The propagator's tool kit. Hand tools ; Equipment and supplies ; Soil mixes ; Propagation equipment -- Starting from seed. Seed characteristics ; Flowers and seeds ; Starting seeds ; Leaching ; Soaking ; Scarification ; Stratification ; Light ; Dark ; Relative humidity ; Temperatures ; Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels ; Life cycles and growth characteristics ; Saving seeds ; Pollination ; Harvesting and cleaning ; Storing saved seeds ; Treating seeds to prevent disease ; Working with hybrids -- Dividing established plants. Good digging ; Dividing plants with fibrous root systems ; Dividing plants with fleshy or woody crowns ; Dividing suckers ; Dividing plants with rhizomes ; Dividing plants with tubers ; Dividing plants with offsets ; Dividing plants with bulbs and corms ; Scoring, sectioning, scooping, and coring bulbs ; Scaling lily bulbs -- Cuttings. Types of cuttings ; Greenwood cuttings ; Softwood cuttings ; Semiripe cuttings ; Hardwood cuttings ; Conifer cuttings ; Cane cuttings ; Leaf petiole cuttings ; Leaf vein cuttings ; Upright leaf cuttings ; Monocot leaf cuttings ; Root cuttings -- Layering. Tip layering ; Simple and serpentine layering ; Air layering ; Stooling or mound layering ; French layering ; Dropping -- Grafting. Grafting with rootstocks ; Whip-and-tongue grafting ; Apical-wedge grafting and saddle grafting ; Side-wedge grafting ; Approach grafting ; Four-flap grafting ; Side-veneer grafting ; T-budding ; Chip budding ; Grafting a cactus -- Plant directory.